![]() ![]() 1914-1918 - Islamic Unrest and Realignment in the Middle East.1700-1917 - Jewish Modern and Contemporary Periods.1500-1920 - Dominance of Ottoman Muslim Empire in Turkey.1517-1569 - Reformation and Post-Reformation Christian Period.1258-1500 - Further Transitions and Rebuilding of Political Islam.570 - 1258 - Reception & Classical Development of Muhammad's Islamic Message.600 - 1500 - “Medieval” Period in the West.325 - 590 - Consolidation & Dominance of Classical Christianity.70 - 500 - Rabbinic Jewish Period of Talmud Development.538 BCE - 70 CE - Judaism After the Babylonian Exile.587 BCE - Context of Ancient Israelite Religion 3800 B.CE - 2001 BCE - The Dawn of “History”.Mamluk Islamic rule (new dynasty) in Egypt.įall of Islamic Abbasid dynasty to Hulagu (Mongol). Pope Innocent IV issued a Bull refuting blood libels and sent it throughout Germany and France. Rule by Tartars, Mongols, Ayybids, and Mamelukes. Pope Gregory IX orders the kings of France, England, Spain and Portugal to confiscate Hebrew books, Following this edict, the Talmud is condemned and burned in France and Rome.įirst accusation of desecration of the Host (the wafers used is Christian Mass) - the blood libel - in Berlitz, Germany. The Jewish community of Marrakech, Morocco, is reestablished, leading to massacres of Jews caused by Islamic political revolt and grassroots hatred. ![]() Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury and a prime mover of the Lateran Council, forbids Jews from building new synagogues, owning slaves or mixing with Christians.ĭeath of Genghis Khan (roving Mongol conqueror). Moses Maimonides completes The Guide to the Perplexed, considered the most important work of medieval Jewish thought.Ī group of 300 rabbis from France and England settle in Palestine (Eretz Yisrael), beginning what might be interpreted as Zionist aliyah.įirst synagogue built in Vienna, a city where Jews enjoyed more freedom than in other areas of Austria.įourth Lateran Council expands anti-Jewish decrees in Europe, forces Jews to wear the Yellow Patch, the "Badge of Shame.ĭeacon Robert of Reading, England, was burned for converting to Judaism, setting a precedent for the burning of "heretics". Scholar and Jewish leader Moses Ben Nachman (Nachmanides). Jews attacked, over 150 die after a six day standoff in York, England.Īpproximately 2,500 Jews live in England, enjoing more rights than Jews on the continent.įrench King Phillip starts the Third Crusade, cancels debts to Jews, drives many Jews out of France, confiscates their property. Saladin recaptures Jerusalem from Crusaders grants Jews permission to re-enter. Saladin (1138-1193) overthrows Fatimid dynasty in Egypt. The blood libel, as well as others in England that follow in the 12th century, incites anti-Jewish violence.īenjamin of Toledo, The Itinerary of Benjamin of Toledo.īenjamin of Toledo writes of 40,000 Jews living in Baghdad, complete with 28 synagogues and 10 Torah academies. ![]() Jews in Norwich, England, are accused of murdering a Christian child in what is believed to be the first ritual murder charge. He is a friend of commentator Abraham Ibn Ezra, who also left Spain for the life of a wandering Jewish scholar. Judah Halevi completes his influential philosophy of Judaism known as The Kuzari. Maimonides (Rabbi Moses ben Maimon Jewish scholar). Records of a Jewish gate in Kiev attest to the presence of a Jewish community there. Jews from Muslim countries begin to settle in Byzantium. Moroccan Almoravid ruler Yoseph Ibn Tashfin orders all Moroccan Jews to convert or leave.Īfter reconquering Toledo, Spain from the Muslims, Alphonso I invited all Jews to return. Germans, including German Jews, migrate to Poland. More than 5,000 Jews were murdered in Germany in several different attacks.Ĭount Emico of Leiningen, on his way to join a Crusade, attacked the synagogue at Speyers and killed all the defenders.ġ,200 Jews commit suicide in Mayence to escape Count Emico, who tried to forcibly convert them.Ĭrusaders (European Christians) capture Jerusalem and massacre tens of thousands of the city's Jews. Participants in the First Crusade massacre Jews in several Central European cities, beginning centuries of pogroms linked to the Crusades. Return to Timeline of Jewish History: Table of Contents 1096 ![]()
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